Iterambere ry’ibidukikije mu mashyamba n’ibyatsi ryashimiwe cyane n’umuryango mpuzamahanga

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Ubushinwa bufite uruhare runini, butanga umusanzu n’umuyobozi mu iterambere ry’ibidukikije ku isi.Mu myaka yashize, cyane cyane mu gihe cy '“amahitamo akomeye-n’ingaruka zikomeye-muri”, igihugu cyacu cyinjiye mu masezerano 32 y’ibidukikije cyangwa ibidukikije, ashinzwe ayo masezerano ku ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga mu bwoko bw’inyamanswa n’ibimera (CITES), amasezerano mpuzamahanga ku bishanga cyane cyane nk'ahantu h’inyoni zo mu mazi (RAMSAR), Umuryango w’abibumbye ku bijyanye n’amapfa akomeye n’ibihugu by’ubutayu muri Afurika cyane cyane ku masezerano gukumira no kurwanya ubutayu (UNCCD) amasezerano atatu mpuzamahanga kimwe n’imirimo yo gushyira mu bikorwa “inyandiko y’amashyamba y’umuryango w’abibumbye”, Gukora amasezerano yerekeye kurengera umurage ndangamuco n’umuco ku isi (WHC), amasezerano mpuzamahanga yo kurengera igihingwa gishya; amoko (UPOV), amasezerano y’ubudasa bw’ibinyabuzima (CBD), amasezerano y’umuryango w’abibumbye yerekeye imihindagurikire y’ikirere (UNFCCC), and abandi bafatanyabikorwa ibyatsi n’amasezerano mpuzamahanga, uduce dukikije ibiti n’imyubakire y’ibidukikije, kandi bakagira uruhare rugaragara mu nama y’amashyaka nk’inama nini y’ubukanishi, kandi bagategura ibikorwa by’insanganyamatsiko ku isi hose, bakora urukurikirane shingiro, ubupayiniya, umurimo muremure, wo gukemura ikibazo cyumusanzu w’ibidukikije ku isi mu bwenge na gahunda by’Abashinwa, washimiwe n’umuryango mpuzamahanga.

- Ubushinwa bwashimiwe kenshi n’imiryango mpuzamahanga ku byo imaze kugeraho mu kurinda ibishanga.

Ubushinwa bwinjiye mu masezerano y’igishanga mu 1992, bushiraho ibishanga 57 by’ingenzi ku rwego mpuzamahanga, ibinyabuzima birenga 600 by’ibishanga hamwe na parike zirenga 1.000, hamwe n’ikigereranyo cyo kurinda igishanga cya 52.19 ku ijana.Mu gihe cy’umugambi wa 13 w’imyaka itanu, Ubushinwa Ibikorwa byo kurinda igishanga n'ibikorwa byagezweho byashimiwe cyane n’umuryango mpuzamahanga, wakoze ubushakashatsi ku nzira ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere bigira ku kurinda ibishanga no gukoresha neza.Mu mwaka wa 2018, icyahoze ari ikigo cya Leta gishinzwe amashyamba cyahawe igihembo cy’indashyikirwa cy’igihembo cyo kubungabunga ibishanga mu nama ya 13 y’abayagiranye n’amasezerano y’ibishanga. Muri uwo mwaka, Porofeseri Lei Guangchun wo mu Ishuri Rikuru ry’ibidukikije rya kaminuza y’amashyamba ya Beijing yahawe igihembo cyitwa “Luke Hoffman Wetland Science and Conservation Award” na Wetland International. Kuva 2012, Abanyamabanga bakuru bakurikiranye Amasezerano y’ibishanga bashimangiye byimazeyo imbaraga z’Ubushinwa mu gishanga protection no kuyobora.

- Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano y’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga mu bwoko bw’inyamanswa zo mu gasozi n’ibimera byamenyekanye n’imiryango mpuzamahanga.

Ubushinwa bwinjiye mu Masezerano y’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga mu bwoko bw’ibinyabuzima bw’ibinyabuzima bigenda byangirika (CITES) mu 1980, butangira gukurikizwa mu 1981. Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’Ubushinwa ryemejwe n’umuryango mpuzamahanga, kandi Ubushinwa bwatorewe kuba uhagarariye akarere ka Aziya. ya Komite ihoraho ya CITES inshuro nyinshi.Kugeza ubu, Ubushinwa nabwo bukaba Visi-Perezida wa Komisiyo ihoraho y’amasezerano. Muri 2019, Ishami ry’umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku bidukikije (UNEP) ryahaye ubuyobozi bwa Leta bw’amashyamba n’ibyatsi “Igihembo cy’ibidukikije muri Aziya cy’ibidukikije”, mu rwego rwo gushimira ubuyobozi bw’indashyikirwa. Umusanzu mu gushimangira imikoranire hagati y’ibigo mu kubahiriza amategeko, guteza imbere ubufatanye mpuzamahanga no kurwanya ubucuruzi bw’ibinyabuzima binyuranyije n’amahanga mu mahanga. Iki gihembo cyashyizweho na gahunda y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe ibidukikije (UNEP) mu rwego rwo gushimira no guhemba imiryango n’abantu bagize uruhare runini mu rugamba kurwanya icyaha cy’ibidukikije.Nibihembo byamakipe mpuzamahanga agamije kurwanya ubucuruzi bw’amahanga butemewe n’ibinyabuzima.

- Gukumira no kurwanya ubutayu no kwangirika k'ubutaka byatsindiye ibihembo byinshi mpuzamahanga.

Mu myaka yashize, Ubushinwa bwakusanyije ubunararibonye n’ikoranabuhanga byinshi mu gukumira no kurwanya ubutayu no kwangirika kw’ubutaka, ibyo bikaba byarakuye abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni icumi mu bukene mu turere tw’umucanga mu gihe hagenzurwa ubutayu, kandi bukaba bwaramenyekanye ku bwumvikane. mpuzamahanga imiyoborere y’ubutayu ku isi, ibyagezweho mu mateka y’inama ikomeye cyane yiswe amasezerano, serivisi nziza cyane, yishimiye cyane inama, itinze kugirango igihugu cyacu gikore amasezerano y’ubudasa bw’ibinyabuzima n’andi masezerano y’ibidukikije kuri yo atanga ibisobanuro bifatika.At nama ya 14 y’amashyaka kuriAmasezerano y’umuryango w’abibumbye yo kurwanya ubutayu mu mwaka wa 2019, ubunyamabanga bw’aya Masezerano bwashimiye ikipe y’Ubushinwa ku bikorwa by’indashyikirwa byabaye nk'umuyobozi w’aya Masezerano kuva mu 2017 kugeza 2019, avuga ko Ubushinwa bwashyize mu bikorwa aya masezerano bwashimangiye ubumwe bw’amahanga. Uhagarariye akarere ka Aziya yashimye Ubushinwa kuba bwarajyanye ayo masezerano ku rwego rushya; Uhagarariye akarere ka Afurika yavuze ko Ubushinwa bwubahiriza inshingano zabwo nk'umuyobozi w’aya masezerano bwazanye imbaraga n’imbaraga mu isi yose yo kurwanya ubutayu.

- Imishinga y’amashyamba n’ibyatsi mu Bushinwa itanga igisubizo cy’Ubushinwa ku micungire y’ibidukikije ku isi.

Igipimo cy’amashyamba mu Bushinwa cyiyongereye kiva kuri 12.7 ku ijana mu ntangiriro ya za 70 kigera kuri 22,96 ku ijana muri 2018. Ubuso bw’amashyamba y’ubukorikori bwashyizwe ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi mu myaka myinshi yikurikiranya, kandi ubuso bw’amashyamba ndetse n’amashyamba byakomeje “kwiyongera kabiri” imyaka irenga 40 ikurikiranye.Ubushinwa bwabaye igihugu gifite ubwiyongere bukabije bw’umutungo w’amashyamba ku isi.Muri Gashyantare 2019, Ikigo cy’igihugu cy’Amerika gishinzwe icyogajuru n’ikirere (NASA) cyatangaje ko kimwe cya kane cy’ubwiyongere bw’icyatsi ku isi gituruka mu Bushinwa, kandi gutera amashyamba bikaba 42% .Imishinga itatu y'Amajyaruguru imaze kugera ku bikorwa bitangaje mu myaka 40 ishize kandi yashimiwe n’umuryango mpuzamahanga nk "umushinga w’ibidukikije ku isi".Yabaye icyitegererezo cyiza cyo kuyobora ibidukikije ku isi.Muri 2018, yahawe igihembo cy’umuryango w’abibumbye “Gahunda yo Gutegura Amashyamba Y’Ibihe Byiza” , icyubahiro cyinshi cy’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije. Muri Gashyantare 2019, ikinyamakuru Nature cyasohoye inkuru isobanura ingamba z’Ubushinwa mu gusubiza imirima y’amashyamba n’ibyatsi no guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, isaba isi kwigira ku bikorwa byo gucunga ubutaka bw’Ubushinwa.


Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-05-2021